Grisin 500Tablet

Generic

Griseofulvin [Microsize]

Indications

The following are the most important indications for griseofulvin:

• Tinea capitis is a kind of capitis (ringworm of the scalp)
• Tinea corporis is a kind of tinea (ringworm of the body)
• Tinea pedis (athlete's foot) is a type of athlete's foot.
• Tinea unguium Tinea unguium Tinea unguium Tin (onychomycosis; ringworm of the nails)
• Tinea cruris is a kind of Tinea cruris (ringworm of the thigh)
• Tinea barbae (barber's itch) is a type of itch that affects men.

Griseofulvin prevents the growth of the fungi that cause ringworm infections of the hair, skin, and nails, including:

• Trichophyton rubrum is a kind of Trichophyton.
• Trichophyton tonsurans is a fungus that causes tonsillitis.
• Trichophyton mentagrophytes are a kind of Trichophyton.
• Trichophyton interdigitalis is a kind of Trichophyton.
• Trichophyton verrucosum is a kind of Trichophyton.
• Trichophyton sulphureum is a kind of Trichophyton.
• Trichophyton schoenleini is a kind of Trichophyton.
• Audouinia audouinia audouinia audouini
• Microsporum canis microsporum microsporum microsporum microsporum
• Microsporum gypseum is a parasitic fungus.
• Epidermophyton floccosum is a kind of epidermophyton.
• Trichophyton megnini is a species of Trichophyton.
• Trichophyton gallinae is a species of Trichophyton.
• Trichophyton crateriforme is a kind of Trichophyton.

It's important to figure out what kind of fungus is causing the infection before starting treatment. In mild or trivial infections that respond to topical antifungal medicines alone, the drug's use is not justified.

Pharmacology

Griseofulvin is fungistatic, however the exact mechanism by which it inhibits dermatophyte growth is unknown. It is thought to prevent fungal cell mitosis and the formation of nuclear acids. It also binds to alpha and beta tubulin, interfering with the function of spindle and cytoplasmic microtubules. It attaches to keratin in human cells, then binds to fungal microtubes once it reaches the fungal site of action, changing the fungal mitotic process.

Dosage & Administration

Accurate diagnosis of the infecting organism is essential. Identification should be made either by direct microscopic examination of a mounting of infected tissue in a solution of potassium hydroxide or by culture on an appropriate medium.

Medication must be continued until the infecting organism is completely eradicated as indicated by appropriate clinical or laboratory examination. Representative treatment periods are tinea capitis, 4 to 6 weeks; tinea corporis, 2 to 4 weeks; tinea pedis, 4 to 8 weeks; tinea unguium- depending on rate of growth- fingernails, at least 4 months; toenails, at least 6months.

General measures in regard to hygiene should be observed to control sources of infection or reinfection. Concomitant use of appropriate topical agents is usually required, particularly in treatment of tinea pedis since in some forms of athlete's foot, yeasts and bacteria may be involved. Griseofulvin will not eradicate the bacterial or monilial infection.

Adults: A daily dose of 500 mg will give a satisfactory response in most patients with tinea corporis, tinea cruris, and tinea capitis. For those fungus infections more difficult to eradicate such as tinea pedis and tinea unguium, a daily dose of 1.0 gm is recommended.

Children: Approximately 5 mg per pound of body weight per day is an effective dose for most children. On this basis the following dosage schedule for children is suggested:

• Children weighing 30 to 50 pounds: 125 mg to 250 mg daily.
• Children weighing over 50 pounds: 250 mg to 500 mg daily.

Interaction

Patients on warfarin-type anticoagulants may need to alter their anticoagulant dosage during and after treatment with griseofulvin. Concurrent use of barbiturates frequently reduces griseofulvin action, necessitating a dosage increase.

It has been observed that taking griseofulvin plus an oral contraceptive at the same time reduces the efficacy of the contraceptive and increases the risk of breakthrough bleeding.

Contraindications

This medication is not recommended for people who have porphyria, hepatic failure, or a history of griseofulvin hypersensitivity.

In patients taking griseofulvin during the first trimester of pregnancy, two occurrences of conjoined twins have been observed. Griseofulvin should not be given to women who are pregnant.

Side Effects

When adverse reactions do occur, they are usually hypersensitivity-related, such as skin rashes, urticaria, and, in rare cases, angioneurotic edema or an erythemamultiforme-like drug reaction, necessitating medication discontinuation and necessary countermeasures. Hand and foot paresthesias have been reported infrequently after prolonged therapy. Oral thrush, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, diarrhea, headache, exhaustion, dizziness, sleeplessness, mental confusion, and difficulties in performing everyday activities are some of the other adverse effects that have been recorded.

Only a few cases of proteinuria and leukopenia have been reported. If granulocytopenia develops, the medicine should be stopped immediately. When uncommon, significant responses to griseofulvin occur, they are frequently linked to high doses, long treatment periods, or both.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy Classification C. Either animal research have showed negative effects on the foetus (teratogenic, embryocidal, or other) and no controlled studies in women have been conducted, or studies in women and animals are not accessible. Only if the possible benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus should drugs be administered.

Precautions & Warnings

Patients on long-term therapy with any powerful medicine should be closely monitored. Organ system function, including renal, hepatic, and hemopoietic, should be monitored on a regular basis.

The possibility of cross sensitivity with penicillin exists because griseofulvin is derived from penicillin species; nonetheless, known penicillin-sensitive patients have been treated without issue.

Because a photosensitivity reaction has been linked to griseofulvin therapy on rare occasions, patients should be advised to avoid exposure to bright sunlight, whether natural or artificial. Lupus erythematosus may be worsened if a photosensitivity reaction occurs.

Therapeutic Class

Storage Conditions

Store between 15-30° C.

Pharmaceutical Name

Seema Pharmaceuticals Ltd.