Rivo 2Tablet

Indications of Rivo 2 Tablet

It's used to treat panic disorder, both with and without agoraphobia. Panic disorder is defined by the occurrence of sudden panic attacks, as well as the fear of having further attacks and anxiety about the implications or repercussions of the episodes.

It's also used to treat Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (petit mal type), akinetic seizures, and myoclonic seizures, either alone or in combination. Patients with absence seizures (petit mal) who have not responded to succinimides may benefit from it.

Clonazepam's efficacy in long-term usage, defined as longer than 9 weeks, has not been well investigated in controlled clinical research. If a physician decides to use Clonazepam for a lengthy period of time, he or she should review the drug's long-term effectiveness for the patient on a regular basis.

Pharmacology of Rivo 2 Tablet

Clonazepam has benzodiazepine-like pharmacological characteristics, such as anticonvulsive, sedative, muscle relaxing, and anxiolytic actions. Benzodiazepines' central effects are mediated by an increase in GABAergic neurotransmission at inhibitory synapses. Positive allosteric modulation of the GABA receptor for the neurotransmitter is increased in the presence of benzodiazepines, resulting in greater effect of released GABA on the postsynaptic transmembrane chloride ion flow.

There is additional evidence of clonazepam's impact on serotonin in animals. Clonazepam suppresses many types of paroxysmal activity, including spike and wave discharge in absence of seizures (petit mal), slow spike wave, generalized spike wave, spikes with temporal or other locations, as well as irregular spikes and waves, according to animal data and electroencephalographic investigations in humans. EEG abnormalities in general are repressed more frequently than abnormalities in specific areas. Clonazepam appears to be helpful in both widespread and localized epilepsies, according to these studies.

Dosage & Administration of Rivo 2 Tablet

Oral:

• Adults: The initial dose for adults with seizure disorders should not exceed 1.5 mg/day divided into three doses. Dosage may be increased in increments of 0.5 to 1 mg every 3 days until seizures are adequately controlled or until side effects preclude any further increase. Maintenance dosage must be individualized for each patient depending upon response. Maximum recommended daily dose is 20 mg.

• The initial dose for adults with panic disorder is 0.25 mg given in two divided dose. An increase to the target dose for most patients of 1 mg/day may be made after 3 days.
• Pediatric Patients: In order to minimize drowsiness, the initial dose for infants and children (up to 10 years of age or 30 kg of body weight) should be between 0.01 and 0.03 mg/kg/day but not to exceed 0.05 mg/kg/day given in two or three divided doses.

Injection:

• Infants and children: half of a vial (0.5 mg) by slow IV injection or by IV infusion.

• Adults: 1 vial (1 mg) by slow IV injection or by IV infusion. This dose can be repeated as required (1-4 mg are usually sufficient to reverse the status). In adults, the rate of injection must not exceed 0.25 - 0.5 mg per minute (0.5-1.0 ml of the prepared solution) and a total dose of 10 mg should not be exceeded.

Interaction of Rivo 2 Tablet

Phenytoin, carbamazepine, and phenobarbital pharmacokinetics do not appear to be affected by clonazepam. Clonazepam's impact on the metabolism of other medications has not been studied.

Contraindications

It should not be used in individuals who have a history of benzodiazepine hypersensitivity, as well as those who have clinical or biochemical indications of severe liver damage. It can be utilized in individuals with open angle glaucoma who are on the right medication, but it's not recommended for acute narrow angle glaucoma.

Side Effects of Rivo 2 Tablet

Clonazepam's most common adverse effects include depression of the central nervous system (CNS). Drowsiness has been reported in around 50 percent of patients treated for seizures, with ataxia occurring in approximately 30 percent. These may improve with time in some situations; behavior issues have been reported in about 25% of individuals. Aphonia, coma, tremor, vertigo, disorientation, sadness, forgetfulness, hallucinations, hysteria, increased libido, sleeplessness, psychosis, and palpitations are some of the symptoms that might arise.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy: It is impossible to rule out the potential of clonazepam causing congenital abnormalities based on preclinical research. Anticonvulsant medicines have been shown to be teratogens in epidemiological studies. However, determining which medication or combination of medicines is responsible for neonatal abnormalities from published epidemiological studies is challenging. It's also possible that other variables, like as genetics or the epileptic disease itself, are more important than medication therapy in causing birth abnormalities. The medication should only be given to pregnant women if the potential benefits outweigh the danger to the fetus in certain situations.Clonazepam should only be used during pregnancy if there is a compelling reason. High dosages given during the latter trimester of pregnancy or during labor might induce abnormalities in the unborn child's heartbeat as well as hypothermia, hypotonia, moderate respiratory depression, and poor feeding in the newborn. It's important to remember that both pregnancy and sudden drug cessation can cause epilepsy to worsen. Benzodiazepines have been linked to withdrawal symptoms in newborn newborns on rare occasions.

Nursing Women: Although Clonazepam's active component has been proven to enter into breast milk in trace levels, mothers who are taking this medication should not nurse. Breastfeeding should be stopped unless there is a compelling need to use Clonazepam.

Precautions & Warnings

Clonazepam may increase the incidence or hasten the start of generalized tonic-clonic seizures in individuals who have multiple distinct forms of seizure disorders. This may necessitate the addition of or an increase in the dosage of anticonvulsants. The use of valproic acid and Clonazepam at the same time might cause absent status.

Therapeutic Class

Storage Conditions

Keep away from light and heat in a dry area. Keep out of children's reach.

Pharmaceutical Name of Rivo 2 Tablet